小土山叫“丘”，如郴州马皇丘；大土山叫“陵”，如长沙岳麓山；更大的土堆叫“山”，如邵阳崀山；小而尖的山叫“峦”，如张家界御笔峰；高而尖的山叫“峰”，如衡阳岣嵝峰；高而大的山叫“岳”，如南岳衡山；高而陡的山叫“峭”，如永州九嶷山；山陡立的侧面叫“崖”，如娄底湄江三道岩门；山与山相连的叫“岭”，如郴州高椅岭；两山之间叫“谷”，如株洲神农谷；两山相对，有水为“峡”，如湘西坐龙峡。在湖南，描述“山”的汉字没有一个是多余的。（来源：文旅湖南）
Small hills are called “Qiu”，e.g. Mahuangqiu in Chenzhou. Big mountains are called “Ling”, e.g.Yuelu Mountain in Changsha. Larger mounds of earth are called “Shan”,e.g.Langshan in Shaoyang. Small and pointed mountains are called “Luan”,e.g. Yubi Peak in Zhangjiajie. High and pointed mountains are called “Feng”, e.g. Goulou Peak in Hengyang. High and big mountains are called “Yue”, e.g.Nanyue Hengshan. High and steep mountains are called “Qiao”, e.g.Jiuyi Mountain in Yongzhou. The steep side of the mountain is called “Ya”,e.g.the Three Rock Gates of Meijiang in Loudi. Mountains that are connected to each other are called “Ling”, e.g.Gaoyiling in Chenzhou. Between two mountains is called “Gu”, e.g. Shennong Valley in Zhuzhou. Two mountains opposite each other, there is water for the “Xia”, e.g. Zuolong Gorge in Xiangxi. In Hunan, no Chinese character describing “mountain” is superfluous.
